Showing posts with label IP. Show all posts
Showing posts with label IP. Show all posts

Eighth Circuit: Designworks Homes, Inc. v. Thomson Sailors Homes, L.L.C

 

Given the differences in their designs, triangular atria alone are insufficient to establish the identity of total concept and feel necessary for copyright infringement; no reasonable minds could differ on whether there was a substantial similarity of expression in the designs.

Although the court erred in saying that attorneys fees awards were the rule rather than the excpetion, it did not abuse its discretion in the actual award of fees in this case.


http://media.ca8.uscourts.gov/opndir/21/08/193458P.pdf

Federal Circuit: In Re The Board of Trustees

 

Claim is ineligible for patent, because it recites abstract mathematical concepts without practical technological improvements beyond increasing statistical accuracy, and, taken as a whole, is embodied as well-known, routine and conventional actions of performing an algorithm on a computer.

(Perhaps.  We don't know many things, but we especially don't know Patents.)


 In Re The Board of Trustees

Federal Circuit: In Re: Board of Trustees

 

Claims are patent ineligible mathematical algorithms, basic processes fully disclosed in prior art, and with no real mechanical or computing architecture correlative.


In re: Board of Trustees

Federal Circuit: Edgewell v. Mnuchkin

 

Court erred in assigning the term the meaning it served in the description of the function of the device within an unclaimed surrounding mechanism.

The doctrine of equivalents is not a binary question of vitiation, but a reasoned inquiry that looks to the degree that the second device performs the same function, in the same way, and achieves the same result.

Again, perhaps.  Not really at all Patent-savvy in this quarter.


Edgewell v. Mnuchkin

Federal Circuit: Uniloc v. Facebook

 

Judicial review of a decision on estoppel during the institution and pendency of an IPR is appropriate, because the estoppel statute applies to the duration of the action, not just the decision to institute proceedings.

Board correctly did not estop the party's claim, since there was no evidence of actual control and direction between the interested party and the litigating party, and the pre-existing relationship was not one that suggested coordinated action.

Given the plain language of the statute, the claim that the interested party was not estopped from raising was fair, as that specific claim had not arisen in the earlier action.

Substantial evidence for Board's obviousness and disclosure determinations.

(Perhaps.  We don't know many things, but we especially don't know Patents.  As always, entertainment value only.)


Uniloc v. Facebook

Ninth Circuit: FTC v. Qualcomm Inc.

 

Anticompetitive effects of a supplier's monopoly behaviour on downstream adjacent markets are beyond the reach of Sherman Act rule of reason analysis, as the relevant market is different.

Refusal to deal horizontally with another supplier is outside of S2 where there is no indication that the dealing was profitable for the deft, there was a valid business reason to end the dealing, and the refusal to deal wasn't targeted.

Absent intentional deception,  breach of contract to deal horizontally with other suppliers doesn't create a monopoly harm unless a harm to competition - as opposed to competitors - is proved.

Patent royalty rates different than the current market value of the technology are not inherently anticompetitive under antitrust law.

As the products of the supplier's rivals inherently embody some of the packaged patents, the supplier's licensing of the downstream use of its terchnology within its rivals products is not an inherently anticompetitive surcharge on its rivals products.  Subsequent low but non-predatory pricing of its own units is also not an inherently anticompetitive behaviour.

A supplier's requirement that a downstream manufacturer commit to a license for products both supplied by the supplier and its rivals does not distort the area of effective competition; any unfair pricing of the license sounds in patent law, not antitrust.

Even if the exclusive dealing contracts that the supplier claimed were merely volume contracts in fact substantially foreclosed competition in the relevant markets, past harms do not justify a prospective injunction.  And there were no viable competitors at the time.


 FTC v. Qualcomm Inc.




First Circuit: TLS Mgmt. and Mktg. Ser. LLC v. Rodriguez-Toledo


A client file compiled by an asserted secret process containing asserted secret insights is not itself protected as a trade secret absent a division of public and nonpublic material within it and a specific claim for certain nonpublic material or processes.

A claim of trade secret for a business process must establish more than the fact that it is not known -- the claim must also establish that it is not ascertainable from public sources.

Nondisclosure agreements implicate the same public policy concerns of the forum state as do non-compete clauses.   Here, the agreements' broad scope, including general knowledge acquired on the job, particular knowledge acquired that was already public knowledge, and information provided by third parties, make the agreements unenforceable under the public policy exception.  Courts will not rewrite or narrow the contract, so the nondisclosure agreement is void in its entirety.

Second Circuit: Spinelli v. National Football League

As implied license is an affirmative defense, all elements must be plain in order to dismiss an infringement claim at the pleadings stage.

Error to dismiss for not stating a claim where there is evidence that the grant of license by the creator did not contemplate the sublicence; this sounds in copyright infringement, not in contract.

Secondary infringement allegation states a claim against third party organization given showing of close connection between the two organizations.

Good faith/fair dealing states claim -- strong-arm negotiation unconscionability doesn't.

(Miscellany)

Antitrust argument would sound more clearly if photographers challenged their market -- trademark licensing, etc.  Rather than simply alleging the existence of a behemoth.

http://www.ca2.uscourts.gov/decisions/isysquery/a4eaf0b6-79ed-4fa7-b47b-3f412f9925f4/1/doc/17-673_opn.pdf#xml=http://www.ca2.uscourts.gov/decisions/isysquery/a4eaf0b6-79ed-4fa7-b47b-3f412f9925f4/1/hilite/

Third Circuit: Clayton Tanksley v. Lee Daniels

Although the standard is the perception of a layman, where no reasonable juror could find substantial similarity in the allegedly infringing content, judgment as a matter of law for not stating a claim is appropriate.

Although similarities in unprotectable elements of the two works can be probative of allegations of actual copying, striking similarities in the concept for the protagonist do not make the superficial similarities in the protectable expression a violation of copyright.

http://www2.ca3.uscourts.gov/opinarch/172023p.pdf

First Circuit: United Food & Comm. Workers v. Novartis Pharm.

Claiming that a potentially obvious invention was in fact surprising is not a basis for invalidating the subsequent patent or holding the filing to be fraudulent -- there is no indication that the use of the word caused the patent to be awarded.  Subsequent attempt to enforce the patent rights therefore not a sham.

http://media.ca1.uscourts.gov/pdf.opinions/17-1714P-01A.pdf

Eighth Circuit: Bruce Munro v. Lucy Activewear, Inc.

Product's name served as a source-identifying device for trademark claim, as the plaintiff is the person who produces things of this name.

Light-based art installation is protected by copyright, not trademark.

No error in denial of leave to amend.

http://media.ca8.uscourts.gov/opndir/18/08/164483P.pdf

Federal Circuit: Texas Optoelectronic v. Renesas Electronics

Although two of the three theories of trade secret misappropriation advanced at trial were legally erroneous, the evidence of the one remaining theory preponderated, and so the verdict can stand, but remanded to determine amount of equitable disgorgement under that theory.  As disgorgement was not available as a remedy for IP infringement in 1791, there is no right to demand a jury trial on the question.

Many other small things, and time is short.

http://www.cafc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/opinions-orders/16-2121.Opinion.7-9-2018.pdf

Ninth Circuit: Chuck Close v. Southeby's Inc.

Express preemption provision in the 1976 Act, together with the provisions on distributions and first sale, preempt state law requiring royalties to the original artist on subsequent sales.  Statements of subsequent Congress as to the preemption implied by VARA  can't be imputed to the earlier law.  Earlier precedent establishing that the 1909 Act did not preempt these claims incorporated common-law notions of distribution and first sale, and is therefore still viable for those claims.

Substantive Due Process undercuts Takings argument, but ultimately a question for remand.

http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2018/07/06/16-56234.pdf

Federal Circuit: PPC Broadband v. Director

Given the commercial success of the product (however limited) the Board should revisit the question of the obviousness of the springy-washer-thing.

(Again, we don't know many things.  We especially don't know Patent.  Entertainment purposes only, as always.)

http://www.cafc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/opinions-orders/17-1362.Opinion.7-3-2018.pdf

Federal Circuit: Adidas v. Nike

Prudential remand to consider non-instituted grounds is appropriate when those grounds were raised in the petition.

http://www.cafc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/opinions-orders/18-1180.Motion_Panel_Order.7-2-2018.1.pdf

Ninth Circuit: Pinkette Clothing v. Cosmetic Warriors

Although laches is not available against a copyright or patent claim within the term of the statute, the Lanham Act provides a five year period to equitably challenge a mark, after which a challenge is still available on other grounds. Laches, as an equitable defense, is therefore available as a defense within the initial five year term.

No error in finding that the claim was equitably barred, given showing that most analogous state statutes of limitations had expired.

http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2018/06/29/17-55325.pdf

Federal Circuit: Royal Crown Company, Inc. v. The Coca-Cola Company, Inc.

A mark is generic if the public would understand that it referred to a key aspect of the genus, leading it to believe the mark is a generic term.  This can be established from any competent source.

The inquiry into distinctiveness becomes more stringent as the mark grows more specific.

Association of the mark with the genus is not necessarily proof of the generic nature of the mark.

Ninth Circuit: Robert Stephens v. CoreLogic, Inc.

To establish contributory infringement under the statute, plaintiff needs to establish a likelihood of specific future infringement; specific allegations of the theory of infringement are necessary.  While the software removes the metadata that aids in the detection of infringement, plaintiffs do not demonstrate how removal of this information alone will prompt a future infringement.

Discovery denials appropriate, as there was no specific statement of how the additional time and productions would show such future specific infringement.

Costs for testimony of employees of deft corporation can be taxed to opposing party.

http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2018/06/20/16-56089.pdf

Ninth Circuit: Moldix-Metric Inc. v. McKeon Products Inc.


Whether the color of a product is protectable trade dress or a functional aspect of design is a question for the finder of fact, who must consider the functionality of alternative colors.

http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2018/06/05/16-55548.pdf