Showing posts with label Discovery. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Discovery. Show all posts

First Circuit: OK Resorts of Puerto Rico, Inc. v. Charles Taylor Consulting Mexico, S.A. de C.V.

 Court did not abuse its discretion in granting a motion to dismiss well after the scheduled close of discovery, given the absence of supplementary filings from the non-movant.  

OK Resorts of Puerto Rico, Inc. v. Charles Taylor Consulting Mexico, S.A. de C.V.

First Circuit: US v. Agramonte-Quezada

 Absent a showing of bad faith or prejudice, discovery delay in producing dog training records and logs did not require the trial judge to grant a continuance, as there were other discovery materials that might have opened the door to a challenging of the canine evidence.

Evidence of a prior canine indication was more probative than prejudicial, since the switching of vehicles in the interval and the deft's awareness of the narcotics traffic spoke to a continuing plan or scheme and rebutted the claim that he had been an unwitting courier.

Law enforcement testimony as to the usual trafficking operation wasn't impermissible overview testimony, as it came at the end of the trial, the witness was insulated from the particular case, and didn't reference any particulars.  Lay testimony of this nature gleaned from on-the-job experience is helpful to the finder of fact, and therefore permissible.

Court did not abuse its discretion in proceeding to sentencing rather than considering competency; the determination had been made earlier,and nothing in the colloquy prior to sentencing indicated sufficient incapacity. 

US v. Agramonte-Quezada

First Circuit: US v. De Jesus-Gomez

 

In a civil forfeiture proceeding in Admiralty, discovery sanctions are slightly more severe than in the civil analogue.  The Court must weigh severity, repetition, and deliberateness of the violation must be considered.  No prejudice need be shown.  The court did not abuse its discretion in striking the late response and issuing default judgment against a vessel whose claimants asserted a Fifth Amendment exception to civil interrogatories, having previously asserted the exception in a motion to stay that was denied without prejudice.  Although one of the claimants was being held in solitary confinement during the discovery period, the other claimant was not so encumbered.


US v. De Jesus-Gomez

Fifth Circuit: Williams, et al v. Lockheed Martin

 

Federal officer removal was appropriate, because at the time of removal, there was a colorable claim that the government was specific and complete, the contractor could not deviate from it, and it was implemented under the direct supervision of the government, and the government had more comprehensive knowledge of the risk at issue than did the contractor.

Challenges to discovery orders must identify the crucial evidence that would otherwise have been obtained.

As the expert testimony claiming exposure to the substance prior to the enactment of the statutory exclusive remedy was derived from factual assumptions rather than actual evidence, the statute provides the sole remedy.

Communication with an employee of a represented corporate party whose statements might be imputed to the corporate party wasn't an abuse of discretion, but as fee-shifting isn't in the state's rules, imposing a monetary sanction would require a finding of either bad faith or willful disobedience of a court's order.


Williams, et al v. Lockheed Martin

Eighth Circuit: Azarax, Inc. v. William Syverson

 

Where a past admission against interest can't be rebutted due to a discovery sanction against the speaker, the statement must be taken at face value.

As the validity of the assignment of the interest hinged on the application of foreign law, a motion to consider foreign law in the proceeding was untimely when made at the summary judgement stage.


Azarax, Inc.  v.  William Syverson

Fifth Circuit: Le v. Exeter Fin, et al

 

As the vested equity valuation was contractually assigned to the Board of Directors, a motion for a discovery continuance to reach outside auditors' valuations of the vested equity was untimely; an appeal challenging the exclusion of evidence must specifically identify the evidence and the legal standard.

Non-zero determinations of vested equity at time of hiring and in subsequent audits did not make the Board's determination of nil value unreasonable.

An unenforceable agreement to later agree on a severance agreement did not create any obligation on either party when severance happened prior to the formation of the agreement.

Claim of fraudulent inducement under state law requires actual reliance.

Misrepresentations of prior employment foreclose equitable relief in quantum meruit.

Discovery stipulation between parties during discovery was inappropriate, as the unilateral declaration of secret materials prevents the court from conducting the necessary public interest balancing when deciding whether the record should be sealed.

Le v. Exeter Fin, et al

Second Circuit: In Re: 650 Fifth Avenue Company & Related Properties

 

In determining probable cause for forfeiture, refusing to grant an adverse inference after discovery non-production is within the broad discretion afforded the court.

Deprivation of the commercial building's owners of the rights of management, including improvement, selection of and negotiation with tenants, and taking of rental revenues constituted a seizure.

Seizure of rental income is a form of taking the underlying property, not a taking of an interest in property, so the statute required appropriate procedures -- either a hearing or a finding of exigency.

Subsequent finding of probable cause doesn't retroactively justify the earlier taking of rents -- government must repay all rents seized prior to the court's finding.



In Re: 650 Fifth Avenue Company & Related Properties

Ninth Circuit: Yassir Fazaga v. FBI


Concurrence with denial of en banc (starting at 108):

Statutory FISA ex pare in camera review speaks squarely to and therefore displaces the state secrets privilege.

Dismissal remedy not identical with the privilege.

Privilege is an evidentiary privilege, not a constitutional one.

FISA remedy not limited to when the govt is on the offensive, and the other party need not be a defendant.

Dissent from denial of en banc:

FISA review limited to discrete instances of admissibility in criminal prosecutions

Displacement of state secrets privilege by statute privileges the legislature within the balance of powers.

An executive privilege can have a Constitutional core.

FISA review limited to "such other materials," not every possible material.

Any department can invoke privilege, but only DOJ can invoke FISA.

Govt invocation of privilege insufficient for statutory trigger of FISA.

Ninth Circuit: Zayn Al-Abidin Husayn v. USA


Concurrence with denial of en banc:  When assessing State Secrets privilege, courts must attempt to determine if the contested materials contain privileged information, and if so, if there is any way to segregate the non-privileged information.

This applies when the basis for discovery is the statutory obligation to assist foreign tribunals.

Facts generally known and acknowledged by heads of government cannot be considered state secrets.

Dissent from denial of en banc:    Information requested has been held to be within the privilege.

Deference to the Executive warranted on national security interests.

Third party disclosure can't waive privilege, because it belongs to the govt.

Forcing govt to confirm or deny would be harmful.

State secrets privilege not diminished when discovery directed to government contractor.

Not incidental to foreign proceeding -- the purpose of the proceeding is to discover this information.

The fact that it is being sent to a foreign tribunal changes the state secrets balancing.







Fifth Circuit: Vantage Deepwater Company, et al v. Petrobras Amer


Court appropriately deferred to arbitrators' decision, since public policy does not bar arbitration agreements resolving questions about contracts achieved through dubious means -- the question on the public policy exception is whether the ratification would create a danger to the public.

Court did not abuse its discretion in denying discovery during arbitration vacatur proceedings seeking testimony of arbitrator, since arbitration association rules prohibiting it are incorporated, and the arbitration record is equivocal.

No abuse of discretion in denying subpoena for arbitration association, given vague boundaries of immunity, and necessity to move things along.

As arbitration agreement discussed the equities of the parties in full, it was not sufficiently contrary to the agreement's choice of law and corporate form and surety provisions. 

Vantage Deepwater Company, et al v. Petrobras Amer

Fourth Circuit: US v. Ancient Coin Collectors Guild

Domestic law implementing treaty that barred, upon request, the sale of ancient coins belonging to other nations properly divided the purposes of the treaty; it was therefore not necessary to prove at trial that the coin had been discovered in the country of the requesting state party, as the implementing law had allowed for administrative designation of classes of coins.

Court did not abuse its authority by requiring that the deft's expert testimony be about the particular coins at issue, rather than old coins generally.

Court did not abuse authority in excluding testimony that the coins had been passed legally from a third state into the US immediately prior to sale.

Where the administrative regulations implementing the domestic law, apparently due to a drafting error, changed the scope of enforcement, a fair notice defense doesn't bar enforcement where all parties seemed to be aware of which items were prohibited under the law.

Discovery properly limited.  Court did not abuse its discretion in striking part of the amended answer that seemed outside of the remand from the court of appeals.

http://www.ca4.uscourts.gov/opinions/171625.P.pdf

Second Circuit: United States v. Sampson


As the embezzlement statute requires conversion with intent, summary judgment for the deft based on the statute of limitations was error -- the intent to deprive can arise after the inappropriate withholding.  Discovery under the FRCrimPro does not require the government to make a proffer of when such intent arises.

Claims about the theory of the made during liminal proceedings do not estop the government's right to make other assertions at trial.  Theory of indictment claiming that the statewide state supreme court was a single agency is sufficiently supported by state court rulings and the state constitution.  Where the appointment as referee has no firm ending date, whether the deft was acting in that capacity presents a question for trial.

http://www.ca2.uscourts.gov/decisions/isysquery/3ff0cc90-c7b5-4314-86a0-7ea64e6c2c6a/3/doc/15-2869_opn.pdf#xml=http://www.ca2.uscourts.gov/decisions/isysquery/3ff0cc90-c7b5-4314-86a0-7ea64e6c2c6a/3/hilite/

Second Circuit: Kiobel v. Cravath, Swain & Moore, LLP.

District court had jurisdiction over subpoena for communications to US firm from foreign client, as jurisdiction arises from the present location of the documents, viz, midtown.

Court abused its discretion in issuing subpoena in furtherance of a foreign court proceeding for communications with a foreign client previously released under confidentiality order, as the documents would not be available in the foreign forum, and the party requesting them is a party to the foreign litigation.  Disclosure would undermine confidence in the confidentiality of attorney-client communications, and there is no guarantee that the foreign forum will protect the confidentiality at the level of the existing agreement.

http://www.ca2.uscourts.gov/decisions/isysquery/05194beb-c7ca-4533-89f8-3cdc4043f522/6/doc/17-424_opn.pdf#xml=http://www.ca2.uscourts.gov/decisions/isysquery/05194beb-c7ca-4533-89f8-3cdc4043f522/6/hilite/



Third Circuit: Clientron Corp v. Devon IT Inc

As there was no showing that the misconduct benefited the defendants personally, District Court was correct in not piercing the corporate veil on a theory of sham, as corporate formalities should be considered differently with respect to closely held or family corporations.

 As the discovery sanction against one spouse, holding that a corporation held by a tenancy by the entirety was in fact an alter ego, created a split between federal substantive law for the discovery sanction and state substantive law for the co-tenant by the entirety, it was an abuse of discretion.  Under state law, both who hold by a tenancy of the entirety are presumed to act for the benefit of the marriage.

http://www2.ca3.uscourts.gov/opinarch/163432p.pdf

Fifth Circuit: US v. Simone Swenson

As the defense could have sought a continuance after last-minute disclosures, the putative bad faith and actual prejudice from prosecutorial discovery misconduct did not rise to the abhorrent level needed to justify dismissal with prejudice.

http://www.ca5.uscourts.gov/opinions/pub/17/17-20131-CR0.pdf

Eighth Circuit: Edward Hugler v. La Piedad Corporation

Court erred in holding corporation in contempt based on administrative subpoena to the corporation seeking business records of the shareholders, as the corporation had insufficient control over the records.

http://media.ca8.uscourts.gov/opndir/18/07/171845P.pdf

First Circuit: In re: App of George W Schlich

The prudential factors in deciding whether to order discovery for use in a foreign proceeding do not imply that either party has an obligation to establish or rebut any factor; the court did not abuse its discretion when deciding that the marginal relevance of the information sought, while sufficient to establish a prima facie claim under the statute, meant that the foreign court would likely not be receptive to the information.

Circuit split flagged.

http://media.ca1.uscourts.gov/pdf.opinions/17-1377P-01A.pdf