Since 2011. An occasional commonplacing of the U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal.
Neither an authoritative statement of the law nor legal advice. Quick work.
Ninth Circuit: USA v. Juan Fuentes-Galvez
As ensuring that the plea is knowing and voluntary under FRCrimP. Rule 11 implicates an alien deft's 5A Due Process rights, magistrate judge's plea colloquy that merely asked deft if his plea was voluntary was plain error.