Since 2011. An occasional commonplacing of the U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal.
Not written by a barrister. The name was thought up by a second-year American law student sitting in a coffeehouse in Manhattan. Neither an authoritative statement of the law nor legal advice. Don't rely. Quick work.
First Circuit: Falto-de Roman v. Municipal Government
S1983
Trial court when denying qualified immunity must address all theories of the claim.